Regulação no Brasil: colocando a competitividade nos trilhos

Abstract

Economics studies use to identify the high share of total transport represented by a road transport as a source of competitive inefficience to the Brazilian products in the international markets (“Brasil Cost”). In a large country such as Brazil, the choice of multiple transport alternatives would appear to be the most rational. Why then, has it not occurred? This article presents the main challenges of a railroad-based mode, which represents the principal missing link of a solution that offers adequate multiple transport alternatives. Almost all available solutions require a new institutional structure, to be defined together with the creation of a regulatory agency, the Agência Nacional dos Transportes, and the delegation of powers to achieve this. This agency will have the responsibility of reviewing defined stages of the privatization process and establishing pro-competition regulations for concessionaires and infrastructure license holders (railroads, ports, roads, river and maritime navigation), that benefit Brazilian society and companies in a real way by removing transport from the group of factors that give rise to “Brazil Cost”.