Mercado de carbono no Brasil: breve histórico e status

Abstract

Over the past decades, the climate emergency has driven the adoption of economic instruments aimed at mitigating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, with carbon markets emerging as the main mechanism. Brazil, endowed with a predominantly renewable energy matrix and extensive forest coverage, is assuming an increasingly prominent role in the global carbon pricing agenda. This paper examines Brazil’s trajectory toward the establishment of a regulated emissions trading system, with particular emphasis in the Partnership for Market Readiness (PMR) Brazil initiative, the Law 15,042/2024 — which instituted the Brazilian Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trading System (SBCE) — and their interaction with the voluntary carbon market, as well as with article 6 of the Paris Agreement. The analysis explores how Brazil can transform its potential in climate assets and reinforce its position as a global leader in carbon market development.