Infraestrutura computacional para a era da IA: desafios, políticas e oportunidades em data centers no Brasil

Abstract

This article looks at the key role of data centers in Brazil’s digital growth and industrial policy. The fast spread of generative artificial intelligence has boosted global needs for computing power and energy. Brazil’s largely renewable electricity system offers a comparative advantage; however, expansion is challenged by long-distance connectivity constraints and a limited pool of qualified professionals. The study presents the domestic context in terms of installed capacity, ongoing projects, operational models, and availability categories, emphasizing factors related to capital expenditures (CAPEX), operational expenditures (OPEX), and import reliance. It evaluates technical challenges, public policy instruments, regional incentives, and environmental governance rooted in efficiency standards. These approaches are positioned as central to establishing Brazil as a regional leader in low-carbon computing infrastructure.

This article looks at the key role of data centers in Brazil’s digital growth and industrial policy. The fast spread of generative artificial intelligence has boosted global needs for computing power and energy. Brazil’s largely renewable electricity system offers a comparative advantage; however, expansion is challenged by long-distance connectivity constraints and a limited pool of qualified professionals. The study presents the domestic context in terms of installed capacity, ongoing projects, operational models, and availability categories, emphasizing factors related to capital expenditures (CAPEX), operational expenditures (OPEX), and import reliance. It evaluates technical challenges, public policy instruments, regional incentives, and environmental governance rooted in efficiency standards. These approaches are positioned as central to establishing Brazil as a regional leader in low-carbon computing infrastructure.